What characterizes an urban ecosystem?

An urban ecosystem is characterized by its location within a city or densely populated area, where human activities significantly influence the environment. In these ecosystems, the interactions between various species and their urban surroundings create a unique ecological landscape. Human structures, such as buildings and roads, modify the natural processes and habitats found in more rural or untouched landscapes.

Urban ecosystems often have high population densities and exhibit a mix of natural and built environments, which creates distinct challenges and opportunities for both wildlife and human inhabitants. The presence of green spaces, parks, and community gardens within these urban settings can introduce biodiversity and contribute to ecosystem services, such as air purification and temperature regulation. Thus, the defining characteristic of urban ecosystems lies in their close integration with human habitats, distinguishing them from more natural or rural settings.