Which type of state contains other state territories or states within it?

A perforated state is characterized by having one or more states or territories entirely surrounded by its own territory. This unique configuration means that the surrounding state has a complete enclosure of another state's area within its borders, effectively making it a "hole" in the surrounding state. This arrangement creates distinct geographic and political interdependencies between the perforated state and the encircled territory, often impacting everything from trade and movement to resource sharing and governance.

In contrast, prorupted states typically have a long extension of territory that protrudes, but they do not necessarily contain other states. Fragmented states are those comprised of multiple discontinuous pieces of territory, meaning they may be separated by water or other landmasses, rather than containing another state within them. Compact states are characterized by having a relatively uniform shape without significant protrusions or enclaves, allowing for efficient administration and communication, but they do not encompass other state territories. Understanding the distinctions between these types helps clarify the unique characteristics of perforated states in the context of geography and political boundaries.